WebTV Tutorial
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BASICS


BASICS
This is the starting point for putting together a web page. Here are the things that will be covered:

INDEX

  1. HTML???
  2. ADD/SUBTRACT
  3. SO WHAT'S THE CASE?
  4. ON EVERY PAGE
  5. BUILDING YOUR BODY
  6. TEST YOURSELF
  7. WEBTV "DON'TS"
  8. BEFORE YOU CONTINUE
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HTML???

So What IS HTML?

Did you ever watch Carol Burnett end a show or performance and tug on her left ear? Well that's a code (she was saying "hello" to a family member)!

HTML is a code system too. The letters HTML stand for
HYPER
TEXT
MARKUP
LANGUAGE

and there are a lot of places on the internet where you can find an extensive definition and complete history of what it is and how it came to be, so I don't intend to go into all of that here...

Suufice to say that it is the name of the coding system which allows you to create a web page and tells your computer/WebTV how to read what you have written!

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ADD/SUBTRACT

This is one of the most important principles to remember when putting together your web page. It is one that can be easily overlooked by WebTV users because (for better or worse) the WebTV system is often more forgiving than a computer when reading a web page... Quite often an error in html coding will be ignored by the WebTV system, while a computer looking at the same page will be detered from viewing a part or the whole page. I discovered this when I asked a friend (a computer user) to check out a web page that I had created... She could not get to a specific part of the page that I wanted her to see... yet I (on my WebTV system) could view the page perfectly!

The problem that my friend was experiencing was caused by a simple error in the html coding... an 'add/subtract' error.

What is meant by this is that a page of html coding must be 'taken apart' in the reverse order that it is put together. Almost every piece of html coding (tag or command) has an open statement (example: <html>) and a closing statement (example: </html>). If you were to split a page (or section of a page in the case of a 'table,' for example) in half, there should be a mirror effect.

Without using specific html code, here is an example:
GOOD
<RED>
<WHITE>
<BLUE>
</BLUE>
</WHITE>
</RED>
BAD
<RED>
<WHITE>
<BLUE>
</WHITE>
</BLUE>
</RED>
You Can open another command/s (or tag/s) of the same name between open commands, just as long as every command is closed in the proper sequence.

In this example I'll use upper and lower case for the commands to help you follow the sequence:
GOOD
<RED>
<WHITE>
<white>
<blue>
</blue>
</white>
<BLUE>
</BLUE>
<red>
</red>
</WHITE>
</RED>
BAD
<RED>
<WHITE>
<white>
<blue>
<BLUE>
</blue>
</white>
</WHITE>
<red>
</BLUE>
</red>
</RED>


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SO WHAT'S THE CASE?

In the previous section (ADD/SUBTRACT) you may note that I typed the commands/tags using both UPPER and lower case letters. Either is fine, however, you should not mix UPPER and lower case letters in one command/tag. In other words, <WHITE> is okay but <WhitE>is not.

It is okay to mix <WHITE> and <white> within a page of coding (you can open with<WHITE> and close with </white>) just don't mix the UPPER and lower case letters within a set of the "<" and ">" brackets.

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ON EVERY PAGE

Every HTML page (and there are other types of pages which will be discussed in another part of the Tutorials) will contain the following code commands in the following order:

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
The Title Of Your Page Would Go Here.
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
The TEXT and COMMANDS/TAGS That Structure The Actual 'Look' And 'Content" Of Your Page Would Go Here.
</BODY>
</HTML>

It is not neccessary that each tage be placed on a separate line as show above... you can type it as one continuous line:

<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> The Title Of Your Page Would Go Here. </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY>
The TEXT and COMMANDS/TAGS That Structure The Actual 'Look' And 'Content" Of Your Page Would Go Here.
</BODY> </HTML>

However, it may be easier to find errors when you are first starting to learn how to create a page if you use the separate line method.

Also, note that the <BODY> command/tag usually contains other elements and this will be discussed in section #5.

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BUILDING YOUR BODY

In the previous section we discussed the basic elements of a web page:

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Now we'll discuss how to "Build Your Body!"

Actually the body tage can stand alone. If it does, however, there are a set of default varues which will be applied to your page. These are:

  • Page Color: Gray
  • Text Color: Black
  • Link Color: Blue
  • Visited Link Color: A Pale Redish Purple

If that's what you want, fine... but you can change these elements... plus you can add a background to your bpage as well!

Let's take a look at the BODY tag for the page you are looking at now:

<body bgcolor="#9900ff" background="/imagelocation/gstar.gif" text="#000000" link="#ff0000" vlink="#0000ff">
bgcolor
defines the backgound color (in this case, "#9900ff") - we'll dicuss colors more later, so let's just accept the facrt that that code produces the color you're looking at now.
background
defines a pattern or picture or design that is the background for your page. (in this case, "/imagelocation/gstar.gif" - which is a made up URL for this example) - if the image is partially transparent, as the star gif is, you will see your background color through it. Otherwise, the background color will only display until the background image replaces or covers it.
text
defines the color of the text on the page (in this case "#000000" which creates black).
link
defines the color of the links on the page (in this case "#ff0000" which creates red).
vlink
deines the color of the visited links on the page (in this case "#0000ff" which creates blue).


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TEST YOURSELF

This is a s good a place as any to suggest that as you go on through the process of building your page, you stop from time to time and test the coding you have entered so far. The SITE INSPECTOR" is a great place to do just that! And it is a good idea (particularly when you're first learning html) to test your page often... that way you can find a small mistake and correct it before it grows... and they can grow! I've seen one small mistake pyramid into 30 or more errors - and then you have to study the results of the test to see what mistake (or mistakes) are the root of you problem... 30 errors may be 30 mistakes, but more often than not they can be eliminated by correcting just one or two bad pieces of html coding!

So do yourself a favor - save the SITE INSPECTOR" in your favrites so you can access it quickly!!!

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WEBTV "DON'TS"

Web TV is a Wonderful thing! I own a computer and still prefer the ease and user friendliness of my Web TV and therefore use it for 98% of my online time.

THAT SAID

there are a few... err... well, flaws in Web TV when it comes to homepage building... Actually 'flaws' is the wrong word... actually Web TV has a few abilities that regular computers don't - and while the first impulse is to say, "Hey! That's what makes Web TV so great" --- well, in my mind it's not - and again, I'm speaking in terms of web page construction... these abilities tend to do three things:

  1. Let Web TVers view poorly constructed pages...

    • Problem: Pages that might not have their HTML coding exactly right for a computer to see may appear perfect on the WebTV system which seems to ignore certain HTML coding flaws... This can make Web TV page builders sloppy when putting their pages together, and if you want to reach the world (instead of just fellow Web TVers) with your homepage, you gotta do it right!

    • Solution: Use a tool like the Site Inspector religously when putting your web page together.


  2. Let WebTVers Use Shortcuts When Building Pages...

    • Problem: The WebTV system often reconizes words while most systems only recognize codes. The best example of this is in the use of color. while WebTV will 'read' the command/tag:
      <font color="red">
      to mean that you want your text to be printed in red, many other systems won't know what to do with the command. The proper way to state it is:
      <font color="#ff0000">
      which uses the hexidecimal (universally read) code for the color red. Sure it's not as easy but, hey - it's the better way to do it!

    • Solution: Don't take the easy way out... use universally read codes so that everyone (WebTVers & Computer users alike) can enjoy the full effect of not only what you have to say, but how you say it!


  3. Let WebTVers Create WebTV-Only 'Special Effects'...

    • Problem: Many WebTV HTML tutorials will offer neat 'tricks' - things/effects that you can add to your homepage which only other WebTV systems can read... or read correctly... commands/tags that make things flash or scroll across your screen... effects that create a sidebar (like you see when you go to view your WebTV email)... These may look Great on your WebTV, but I've seen some of them on a computer... they either don't work -or worse, they look like... well, crap!

    • Solution: Don't use fancy do-dahs on your page unless they are able to be read/interpreted by computer users... cause if it doesn't translate right, that 'Beautiful' home page you create and send to a Computer-user friend, may make them think "you don't know you knee from your elbow" when it comes to good HTML coding (that's the cleaned up version of the old cliche, so as not to offend - hehehe)!


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BEFORE YOU CONTINUE

A quick note... it is helpful when you are working on your webpages to have your text size set on small (this is a message directed specifically at WebTV users). This can be done from your WebTV homepage by clicking on the "Settings" link and then the "Text" link.

There are two reasons for this:
  1. It gives you a better perspective on what other viewers may see... particularly computer users - and of course, other webtver's who keep their own text size set at small most of thre time.
    and
  2. Whatever size you have your text set at - BE CONSISTANT when working on your web pages... there's a strange little glictch that can occur if you first type in an html code using the LARGE text setting and then go back to work on it with the SMALL text setting... don't ask me why, just trust me on this one...


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